Stainless Steel Stud Bolts
Stainless steel stud bolts are threaded rods without a head, designed to be used with two nuts for fastening flanges, equipment, and machinery. They are made from stainless steel alloys that contain chromium (at least 10.5%) and often nickel or molybdenum, providing excellent corrosion resistance and durability. Unlike standard carbon steel bolts, stainless steel stud bolts are highly resistant to rust, scaling, and oxidation, making them ideal for industries exposed to moisture, chemicals, or high temperatures.
Standards and Performance
Manufactured according to ASTM, ASME, DIN, ISO, and other standards for dimensional accuracy and reliability. Available in coarse, fine, or metric threads, with surface finishes like passivation, PTFE coating, or zinc plating. Tensile strength ranges from 515 MPa to over 900 MPa, suitable for both low-pressure and high-pressure applications. Their versatility, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature tolerance make them essential for industrial safety and integrity.
Stanley Alloys – Technical Profile of Stainless Steel Stud Bolts
Global Supplier
Stanley Alloys manufactures and exports marine grade and industrial grade stainless steel stud bolts in a wide range of sizes and standards. Our products are engineered for reliability in harsh environments, including oil & gas, marine, petrochemical, and construction applications. Sizes are available in both metric (M6 to M160) and inch (½” to 4”) with multiple finishing and coating options.
Compliance & Reference Standards
- DIN 938, DIN 939, DIN 976, DIN 2510, ISO 13918
- ANSI B 18.2.4 2M, ANSI B 28.2.4 1M
- ISO, ASME, ASTM, JIS, BS, UNI, CSN, PN, IFI, SAE
- BS 6105 grades: A2-50, A2-70, A4-70, A4-80
Product Range
- Acme Thread Studs
- All Thread Metric Studs
- Galvanized Studs
- Left-Hand Thread Studs
- Low Carbon Studs
- Nylon Stud Bolts
- Custom-made dimensions
Size Capabilities
- Metric Stud Bolts: M2 – M160 (lengths 12 mm – 1200 mm)
- Inch Stud Bolts: ½” – 4” Dia (lengths ½” – 52”)
Manufacturing Process
- Cold Forming: M2 – M24
- Hot Forging: M24 – M100, up to 1100 mm
- CNC Machining: up to M100 / 4” Dia, 1500 mm
Threads & Tolerances
- Metric, BSW, BSF
- UNC, UNF, UNEF, UNJC, UNJF, UNR
- ACME, NPT, NPTF
- Constant Pitch Threads
- Dimensional Accuracy: ±0.01 mm to ±0.05 mm
Material Grades Offered
- Stainless Steel: 304, 316, 316L, 2205, 410, 416, 431, 440C, 18-8, A2 (50/70/80), A4 (50/70/80), ASTM A193 (B6, B7M, B8, B8M)
- Carbon Steel: ASTM A193 B7, A320 L7
- Alloy Steel: ASTM A193 B16, SCM435, C10B21, C10B33
- High Tensile: 8.8, 10.9, 12.9
- Non-Ferrous Options: Brass, Bronze, Aluminium, Titanium
Surface Treatments & Coatings
- Black Oxide, Nickel Plated, Dacromet, Geomet, Anodized, Zinc-Nickel
- Zinc Electroplating (Blue, White, Black, Yellow – Hexavalent or Trivalent)
- PTFE / Teflon / Xylon Coatings
- Phosphate (Zinc / Manganese), Hot Dip Galvanised (HDG), Sherardized
- Passivation as per ASTM A380/A380M
- Sand Blasting, Rust Preventive Oils, Polishing, Heat Disposing
- ZAC (Zinc Aluminium Flake), Electroless Nickel, Cadmium
Inspection & Quality Control
- Wire Drawing, Cold Heading, Heat Treatment, CNC Machining
- Pre-production samples before mass production
- Full dimensional and surface inspection
- Final batch certification before shipment
Packing & Logistics
- Marking as per specifications
- Standard Carton Sizes: 36×24×16 cm / 36×24×12 cm
- Euro Pallet Size: 110×80×90 cm
- Packaging: Wooden Pallets, Cartons, Small Boxes
- Dispatch Ports: Mumbai & Kalamboli, Maharashtra, India
Commercial Information
- MOQ: 5 Pieces
- Drawings Accepted: JPEG, PDF, CAD, STP, IGS
- Samples: Free samples available
- Delivery: 7–15 days for standard, customized on request
- Payment: T/T, Western Union, PayPal, L/C (30% advance, balance before dispatch)
Key Applications
- Oil & Gas Pipelines and Flanges
- Offshore Marine Platforms
- Nuclear & Power Plants
- Wind Energy & Structural Engineering
- Railways, Automotives, Heavy Machinery
- Refineries & Petrochemical Installations
Stanley Alloys – Types of Stainless Steel Stud Bolts
1. Fully Threaded Stud Bolts
Description: Threads run along the entire length of the bolt.
Common Uses: Adjustable clamping or maximum engagement for flanges, pressure vessels, and pipe connections.
Standards: DIN 938, DIN 976, ISO 13918
Materials: Stainless Steel (304, 316, 316L, 2205), Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, High Tensile Grades
Sizes: Metric M2 – M160; Inch ½” – 4”
2. Partially Threaded Stud Bolts
Description: Only part of the bolt length is threaded, leaving a smooth shank in the middle.
Advantages: Provides shear strength in the unthreaded shank, reducing stress concentrations.
Applications: Heavy machinery, structural assemblies, flanged connections under high load.
Standards: DIN 939, BS 6105, ANSI B18.2.4
Materials & Coatings: Stainless Steel grades (A2/A4), Hot Dip Galvanized, PTFE/Teflon coated
3. Double Ended Stud Bolts
Description: Threads at both ends with a plain shank in the center. Also called shoulder stud bolts.
Applications: Flanged pipe connections, heavy equipment assembly, marine applications.
Thread Types: Metric, UNC, UNF, UNEF, BSW, BSF, ACME, NPT
Material Grades: Stainless Steel 304, 316, 316L; Alloy Steel; High Tensile Steel
4. Acme Thread Stud Bolts
Description: Special trapezoidal threads for applications requiring high torque and load transmission.
Applications: Machinery, screw jacks, clamps, presses, industrial equipment.
Features: Smooth load transfer, durability, excellent resistance to wear and corrosion.
Materials: Stainless Steel 316/316L, Alloy Steel, Carbon Steel
5. Left-Hand Thread Stud Bolts
Description: Threaded in reverse (left-hand threads), used where rotation or vibration could loosen standard bolts.
Applications: Rotating machinery, pump assemblies, marine equipment.
Standards & Sizes: Metric (M6 – M160) and Inch (½” – 4”), all stainless steel grades.
6. Nylon / Non-Metallic Stud Bolts
Description: Metal combined with high-performance nylon/polymer coating for corrosion resistance and electrical insulation.
Applications: Chemical plants, electrical assemblies, marine equipment.
Sizes: Custom lengths and diameters available.
7. Low Carbon / Alloy Steel Stud Bolts
Description: Designed for high tensile and structural strength applications.
Applications: Heavy construction, bridge work, high-pressure piping, industrial machinery.
Surface Treatment: Zinc plating, Dacromet, Hot Dip Galvanized (HDG), PTFE coating for corrosion protection.
Stanley Alloys – Stainless Steel Stud Bolts Certifications, Testing & Grades
1. Test Certificates & Quality Verification
When sourcing stainless steel stud bolts, always request manufacturer test certificates (MTC) to ensure compliance and material integrity. Key certifications and verifications include:
- Manufacturer Test Certificates (MTC) in compliance with EN 10204 / 3.1
- Tensile Strength Testing: ISO 898-1 standards to validate mechanical performance
- Preload Suitability Tests: Conducted as per EN 14399-2 & EN 14399-10
- Hardness Verification: ISO 6508-1 ensures the stud bolt meets strength requirements
- Charpy Impact Testing: Following ISO 148-1 for toughness evaluation
- Nut Proof Load Testing: ISO 898-2 ensures nuts and bolts withstand expected operational loads
- Precision Tools & Gauges: Tri-roll thread comparators and calibrated instruments guarantee thread consistency
Tip: Always check for documentation covering both material composition and mechanical properties.
2. Material Grades & Types of Stainless Steel Stud Bolts
Austenitic Stainless Steel Grades
- 304 / 304L / 304H – Standard corrosion-resistant bolts
- 316 / 316L / 317 / 317L – Marine and chemical-resistant applications
- 310 – High-temperature applications
- 347 – Enhanced corrosion and high-temperature resistance
- 18-8 Stainless Steel – Commonly used in general industrial applications
Martensitic / Precipitation-Hardening Grades
- 17-4 PH – High-strength, corrosion-resistant stud bolts
- 410 – Hardenable stainless steel for medium corrosion resistance
Duplex & Special Grades
- Duplex 2205 – High-strength, excellent corrosion resistance, especially in chloride environments
- 904L – Premium austenitic stainless steel for chemical and acid environments
Alloy & Carbon Steel Stud Bolts
- ASTM A193 B7 / B7M – Alloy steel, quenched and tempered
- ASTM A193 B8 / B8M / B8C (321/347) – Austenitic stainless steel
- ASTM A193 B6 – Martensitic stainless steel
- A2 / A2-70 / A4 / A4-70 / A4-80 – Common metric grades
- 4.8 / 8.8 – High-strength steel studs
3. Additional Testing & Verification Methods
- Thread Accuracy: Verified with tri-roll thread comparators
- Preload Validation: Ensures bolt can achieve designed clamping without yielding
- Nut & Bolt Interaction: Proof load testing to prevent over-tightening or thread stripping
- Calibrated Measurement Tools: Ensure precise dimensions and consistent quality
4. Recommendations for Clients
- Always request MTC for each batch of stud bolts, especially for critical applications like oil & gas, petrochemical, and high-pressure piping.
- Verify thread and dimensional compliance alongside mechanical and impact properties.
- Use high-performance stainless steel grades for corrosive or high-temperature applications to maximize service life.
Stanley Alloys – Comprehensive Stud Bolt Standards
| Stud Bolt Type | Applicable Standard | Measurement System |
|---|---|---|
| Double End Stud Bolts with Thread Engagement = 1.25 × Dia | DIN 939 | Metric |
| Stud Bolts for Flange Bolting with Chamfered Ends | ANSI/ASME B16.5 | Inch Series |
| Double End Stud Bolts with Thread Engagement = 2.5 × Dia | DIN 940 | Metric |
| Continuous Thread Stud Bolt | ANSI/ASME B18.31.2 | Inch Series |
| Welding / Weld Studs | DIN 525 | Metric |
| Plain End Stud Bolts / Threaded Rods | DIN 976 | Metric |
| Double End Stud Bolts | DIN 835 | Metric |
| Double End Studs / Stud Bolts | DIN 2509 | Metric |
| Plain End Stud Bolts / Threaded Rods | DIN 975 | Inch Series |
| Double End Studs with Thread Engagement = 2 × Dia | DIN 949-1 | Metric |
| Double End Studs with Thread Engagement = 2.5 × Dia | DIN 949-2 | Metric |
| Stud Bolts | IS 1862 | Metric |
| Clamping Studs | IS 13178 | Metric |
| Studs / Stud Bolts | BS 2693 | Inch Series |
| Stud Bolts | BS 3692 | Metric |
| Double End Stud Bolts with Thread Engagement = 1.5 × Dia | BS 4439 | Metric |
| Double End Stud Bolts with Reduced Shank | DIN 2510 L/Z/K/ZU/KU/GP/GQ/GR/GS/HP | Metric |
| Hexagonal Head Stud Bolts | ISO 4014 / ISO 4017 | Metric |
| Heavy Hex Stud Bolts | ASTM A193 / ASTM A194 | Inch Series |
| High-Strength Alloy Stud Bolts | ASTM A320 B8 / B7 | Inch Series |
| Tension Control Stud Bolts | ASTM A108 | Inch Series |
| Flange Stud Bolts for High-Pressure Applications | ASME B16.47 | Inch Series |
| Custom Precision Stud Bolts for Machinery | DIN 976 / ISO 898-1 | Metric |
| Threaded Rods for Structural Applications | ASTM F436 | Inch Series |
| Stud Bolts for Boiler and Pressure Vessels | IS 4501 | Metric |
| Metric Fine Thread Stud Bolts | ISO 261 / ISO 965 | Metric |
| Stud Bolts with Full Thread Length | DIN 975 Full Thread | Metric |
| Welded Studs with Dome or Flat End | DIN 1475 / DIN 18800 | Metric |
- Global Compatibility: Includes standards from ANSI, ASME, DIN, ISO, BS, and IS.
- Special Applications: Covers high-pressure flanges, structural, boiler, and precision machinery uses.
- Thread Engagement: Clearly indicated where engagement length is critical.
- Variants: Metric, inch, full-threaded, chamfered, welded, and reduced shank types are included.
Stanley Alloys – Stud Bolt Dimensions (ASME B16.5 Class 150)
| Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) | Bolt Diameter (in) | Length RF (mm) | Length RTJ (mm) | Quantity of Bolts | Remarks / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2 | 1/2 | 55 | – | 4 | Smallest nominal size, RF only |
| 3/4 | 1/2 | 65 | – | 4 | RF flange standard |
| 1 | 1/2 | 65 | 75 | 4 | Standard small NPS flange |
| 1½ | 1/2 | 70 | 85 | 4 | Common in small pipelines |
| 1¼ | 1/2 | 70 | 85 | 4 | RF & RTJ lengths differ slightly |
| 2 | 5/8 | 85 | 95 | 4 | Standard flange |
| 2½ | 5/8 | 90 | 100 | 4 | Mid-range flange |
| 3 | 5/8 | 90 | 100 | 4 | Common water/gas pipelines |
| 3½ | 5/8 | 90 | 100 | 8 | Heavier duty flange |
| 4 | 5/8 | 90 | 100 | 8 | Reinforced flange pattern |
| 6 | 3/4 | 100 | 115 | 8 | Typical industrial size |
| 8 | 3/4 | 110 | 120 | 8 | Medium-sized flange |
| 10 | 7/8 | 115 | 125 | 12 | Heavy-duty pipe connections |
| 12 | 7/8 | 120 | 135 | 12 | Larger industrial pipelines |
| 14 | 1 | 135 | 145 | 12 | High-pressure flange |
| 16 | 1 | 135 | 145 | 16 | Large NPS |
| 18 | 1 1/8 | 145 | 160 | 16 | RTJ length slightly longer |
| 20 | 1 1/8 | 160 | 170 | 20 | Extra large, industrial use |
| 24 | 1¼ | 170 | 185 | 20 | Extra large diameter |
- RF vs RTJ Lengths: RTJ (Ring Type Joint) studs are slightly longer than RF (Raised Face) to accommodate the ring gasket sealing groove.
- Material Considerations: Typically ASTM A193 B7 / B8 / B8M alloy steel or stainless steel grades for corrosion resistance.
- Flange Load Patterns: Number of bolts varies depending on NPS and flange pressure rating. Higher pressures or larger diameters require more bolts.
- Tolerance & Fit: Lengths may vary ±1–2 mm depending on manufacturer, threading, and chamfer allowances.
- Application Tips: Always use torque tables (like ASME B16.5 recommended torque) for proper flange assembly.
Stanley Alloys – Technical Reference for Stud Bolts & Flanges
150 LB Flanges – Stud Bolt Selection
| Pipe Size | Bolt Count | Stud Ø | Stud Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| ½" | 4 | ¾" | 4.25" |
| ¾" | 4 | ¾" | 4.50" |
| 1" | 4 | ⅞" | 5.00" |
| 1¼" | 4 | ⅞" | 5.00" |
| 1½" | 4 | 1.00" | 5.50" |
| 2" | 8 | ⅞" | 5.75" |
| 2½" | 8 | 1.00" | 6.25" |
| 3" | 8 | 1.13" | 7.00" |
| 4" | 8 | 1.25" | 7.75" |
| 5" | 8 | 1.50" | 9.75" |
| 6" | 12 | 1.38" | 10.25" |
| 8" | 12 | 1.63" | 11.50" |
| 10" | 12 | 1.88" | 13.25" |
| 12" | 16 | 2.00" | 14.50" |
| 14" | 16 | 2.25" | 16.75" |
| 16" | 16 | 2.50" | 18.50" |
| 18" | 16 | 2.75" | 20.75" |
| 20" | 16 | 3.00" | 22.25" |
| 24" | 16 | 3.50" | 25.50" |
300 LB Flanges – Stud Bolt Selection
| Pipe Size | Bolt Count | Stud Ø | Stud Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| ½" | 4 | ½" | 2.50" |
| ¾" | 4 | ⅝" | 3.00" |
| 1" | 4 | ⅝" | 3.00" |
| 1¼" | 4 | ⅝" | 3.25" |
| 1½" | 4 | ¾" | 3.50" |
| 2" | 8 | ⅝" | 3.50" |
| 2½" | 8 | ¾" | 4.00" |
| 3" | 8 | ¾" | 4.25" |
| 3½" | 8 | ¾" | 4.25" |
| 4" | 8 | ¾" | 4.50" |
| 5" | 8 | ¾" | 4.75" |
| 6" | 12 | ¾" | 4.75" |
| 8" | 12 | ⅞" | 5.50" |
| 10" | 16 | 1.00" | 6.25" |
| 12" | 16 | 1.13" | 6.75" |
| 14" | 20 | 1.13" | 7.00" |
| 16" | 20 | 1.25" | 7.50" |
| 18" | 24 | 1.25" | 7.75" |
| 20" | 24 | 1.25" | 8.00" |
| 24" | 24 | 1.50" | 9.00" |
600 LB Flanges – Stud Bolt Selection
| Pipe Size | Bolt Count | Stud Ø | Stud Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| ½" | 3 | ½" | 3.00" |
| ¾" | 3½ | ⅝" | 3.50" |
| 1" | 3½ | ⅝" | 3.50" |
| 1¼" | 3¾ | ⅝" | 3.75" |
| 1½" | 4¼ | ¾" | 4.25" |
| 2" | 4¼ | ⅝" | 4.25" |
| 2½" | 4¾ | ¾" | 4.75" |
| 3" | 5 | ¾" | 5.00" |
| 3½" | 5½ | ⅞" | 5.50" |
| 4" | 5¾ | ⅞" | 5.75" |
| 5" | 6½ | 1.00" | 6.50" |
| 6" | 6¾ | 1.00" | 6.75" |
| 8" | 7½ | 1.13" | 7.50" |
| 10" | 8½ | 1.25" | 8.50" |
- Tip: Adjust stud length for gasket type (RF vs. RTJ).
- All dimensions follow ASME recommendations.
- For higher pressure classes (1500 LB & 2500 LB), studs are usually custom-fabricated to meet precise ASME & RTJ requirements.
- Use calibrated torque wrenches and follow ASME B16.5 guidelines.
Stanley Alloys – Stud Bolt Grade Chart
| Grade | Material | Specification & Treatment |
|---|---|---|
| B7 Stud Bolt | Alloy Steel (AISI 4140 / 4142) | Quenched and tempered for high tensile strength and durability in high-pressure applications. |
| B8 Stud Bolt (Class 1) | Stainless Steel (AISI 304) | Carbide solution treated, excellent corrosion resistance in moderate environments. |
| B8M Stud Bolt (Class 1) | Stainless Steel (AISI 316) | Carbide solution treated, superior corrosion resistance in marine and chemical environments. |
| B8 Stud Bolt (Class 2) | Stainless Steel (AISI 304) | Carbide solution treated, strain hardened for improved strength while maintaining corrosion resistance. |
| B8M Stud Bolt (Class 2) | Stainless Steel (AISI 316) | Carbide solution treated, strain hardened for maximum performance in aggressive environments. |
Stanley Alloys – Stainless Steel Stud Bolts Torque Chart
Applicable Standards: ASME B16.5 Class 150 Flanges
Gasket Types: RF (Raised Face) / Ring Gasket & FF (Full Face) Gasket
Bolt Tightening: Sequence and Torque per Round
1. Torque Chart – RF / Ring Gaskets
| Flange Size | Bolt Size | Torque / Round (ft-lbs) | Tighten Sequence |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2" | 1/2" | 10 → 20 → 30 | 4-bolt |
| 3/4" | 1/2" | 13 → 27 → 40 | 4-bolt |
| 1" | 1/2" | 15 → 30 → 50 | 4-bolt |
| 1-1/4" | 1/2" | 20 → 40 → 60 | 4-bolt |
| 1-1/2" | 1/2" | 20 → 40 → 60 | 4-bolt |
| 2" | 5/8" | 40 → 80 → 120 | 4-bolt |
| 2-1/2" | 5/8" | 40 → 80 → 120 | 4-bolt |
| 3" | 5/8" | 40 → 80 → 120 | 4-bolt |
| 3-1/2" | 5/8" | 40 → 80 → 120 | 8-bolt |
| 4" | 5/8" | 40 → 80 → 120 | 8-bolt |
| 5" | 3/4" | 60 → 120 → 200 | 8-bolt |
| 6" | 3/4" | 60 → 120 → 200 | 8-bolt |
| 8" | 3/4" | 60 → 120 → 200 | 8-bolt |
| 10" | 7/8" | 95 → 190 → 320 | 12-bolt |
| 12" | 7/8" | 95 → 190 → 320 | 12-bolt |
| 14" | 1" | 147 → 294 → 490 | 12-bolt |
| 16" | 1" | 147 → 294 → 490 | 16-bolt |
| 18" | 1-1/8" | 213 → 426 → 710 | 16-bolt |
| 20" | 1-1/8" | 213 → 426 → 710 | 20-bolt |
| 24" | 1-1/4" | 300 → 600 → 1,000 | 20-bolt |
2. Torque Chart – FF / Full Face Gaskets
| Flange Size | Bolt Size | Torque / Round (ft-lbs) | Tighten Sequence |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2" | 1/2" | 20 → 40 → 60 | 4-bolt |
| 3/4" | 1/2" | 20 → 40 → 60 | 4-bolt |
| 1" | 1/2" | 20 → 40 → 60 | 4-bolt |
| 1-1/4" | 1/2" | 20 → 40 → 60 | 4-bolt |
| 1-1/2" | 1/2" | 20 → 40 → 60 | 4-bolt |
| 2" | 5/8" | 40 → 80 → 120 | 4-bolt |
| 2-1/2" | 5/8" | 40 → 80 → 120 | 4-bolt |
| 3" | 5/8" | 40 → 80 → 120 | 4-bolt |
| 3-1/2" | 5/8" | 40 → 80 → 120 | 8-bolt |
| 4" | 5/8" | 40 → 80 → 120 | 8-bolt |
| 5" | 3/4" | 60 → 120 → 200 | 8-bolt |
| 6" | 3/4" | 60 → 120 → 200 | 8-bolt |
| 8" | 3/4" | 60 → 120 → 200 | 8-bolt |
| 10" | 7/8" | 95 → 190 → 320 | 12-bolt |
| 12" | 7/8" | 95 → 190 → 320 | 12-bolt |
| 14" | 1" | 147 → 294 → 490 | 12-bolt |
| 16" | 1" | 147 → 294 → 490 | 16-bolt |
| 18" | 1-1/8" | 213 → 426 → 710 | 16-bolt |
| 20" | 1-1/8" | 213 → 426 → 710 | 20-bolt |
| 24" | 1-1/4" | 300 → 600 → 1,000 | 20-bolt |
3. Notes on Tightening Sequence
- 1st Round: Begin by tightening bolts in a criss-cross pattern to 1st torque value.
- 2nd Round: Repeat in the same sequence to 2nd torque value.
- Final Round: Apply the final torque in the same criss-cross order for uniform gasket compression.
- Bolt Count: Varies by flange size (4-bolt, 8-bolt, 12-bolt, 16-bolt, 20-bolt).
- Important: Always use calibrated torque wrenches and follow ASME B16.5 guidelines.
Stanley Alloys – Stainless Steel Stud Bolts Torque Chart (Class 300 Flanges)
Applicable Standard: ASME B16.5 Class 300 | Gasket Type: RF / Ring Gasket
| Flange Size | Stud Bolt Size | Torque / Round (ft-lbs) | Tighten Sequence |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2" | 1/2" | 10 → 20 → 30 | 4-bolt |
| 3/4" | 5/8" | 15 → 30 → 50 | 4-bolt |
| 1" | 5/8" | 21 → 42 → 70 | 4-bolt |
| 1-1/4" | 5/8" | 30 → 60 → 100 | 4-bolt |
| 1-1/2" | 3/4" | 45 → 90 → 150 | 4-bolt |
| 2" | 5/8" | 33 → 66 → 110 | 8-bolt |
| 2-1/2" | 3/4" | 42 → 84 → 140 | 8-bolt |
| 3" | 3/4" | 60 → 120 → 200 | 8-bolt |
| 3-1/2" | 3/4" | 60 → 120 → 200 | 8-bolt |
| 4" | 3/4" | 60 → 120 → 200 | 8-bolt |
| 5" | 3/4" | 60 → 120 → 200 | 8-bolt |
| 6" | 3/4" | 60 → 120 → 200 | 12-bolt |
| 8" | 7/8" | 95 → 190 → 320 | 12-bolt |
| 10" | 1" | 147 → 294 → 490 | 16-bolt |
| 12" | 1-1/8" | 213 → 426 → 710 | 16-bolt |
| 14" | 1-1/8" | 195 → 390 → 650 | 20-bolt |
| 16" | 1-1/4" | 273 → 546 → 910 | 20-bolt |
| 18" | 1-1/4" | 300 → 600 → 1,000 | 24-bolt |
| 20" | 1-1/4" | 300 → 600 → 1,000 | 24-bolt |
| 24" | 1-1/2" | 465 → 930 → 1,550 | 24-bolt |
Tightening Procedure Notes
- 1st Round: Begin tightening bolts in a criss-cross pattern to the first torque value.
- 2nd Round: Repeat tightening in the same pattern to the second torque value.
- Final Round: Apply final torque in the same criss-cross sequence for uniform gasket compression.
- Bolt Count: Varies with flange size (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 bolts).
- Important: Use calibrated torque wrenches and follow ASME B16.5 guidelines for safety and gasket integrity.
Stanley Alloys – Metric Stud Bolt Wrench Guide
Quick Reference for Selecting the Correct Spanner Size for Metric Studs
(Designed for DIN & ISO Thread Standards)
| Thread (Metric) | Spanner Size – DIN (mm) | Spanner Size – ISO (mm) |
|---|---|---|
| M1.6 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
| M2 | 4 | 4 |
| M2.5 | 5 | 5 |
| M3 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
| M3.5 | 6 | 6 |
| M4 | 7 | 7 |
| M5 | 8 | 8 |
| M6 | 10 | 10 |
| M7 | 11 | – |
| M8 | 13 | 13 |
| M10 | 17 | 16 |
| M12 | 19 | 18 |
| M14 | 22 | 21 |
| M16 | 24 | 24 |
| M18 | 27 | 27 |
| M20 | 30 | 30 |
| M22 | 32 | 34 |
| M24 | 36 | 36 |
| M27 | 41 | 41 |
| M30 | 46 | 46 |
| M33 | 50 | 50 |
| M36 | 55 | 55 |
| M39 | 60 | 60 |
| M42 | 65 | 65 |
| M45 | 70 | 70 |
| M48 | 75 | 75 |
| M52 | 80 | 80 |
| M56 | 85 | 85 |
| M60 | 90 | 90 |
| M64 | 95 | 95 |
| M68 | 100 | – |
| M72 | 105 | – |
| M76 | 110 | – |
| M80 | 115 | – |
| M90 | 130 | – |
| M100 | 145 | – |
| M110 | 155 | – |
| M125 | 180 | – |
| M140 | 200 | – |
| M160 | 230 | – |
Key Highlights
- Spanner Across Flats (A/F): Ensures the correct torque is applied for secure fastening.
- DIN vs ISO Standards: DIN dimensions are widely used in European setups; ISO sizes cater to international and industrial applications.
- Usage Tip: Verify thread size and tolerance before applying torque to avoid damage.
- Application: Ideal for industrial, mechanical, and construction environments where precise fittings are critical.
- Custom Sizes: Larger threads (M68–M160) may require special tools or custom spanners for optimal torque application.
Stanley Alloys – Imperial Stud Bolt Weight Guide
Approximate weights (in pounds) for standard stud bolts by diameter and length. Useful for inventory planning, torque calculation, and design reference.
| Bolt Length (in) | 1/2" | 5/8" | 3/4" | 7/8" | 1" | 1-1/8" | 1-1/4" | 1-3/8" | 1-1/2" | 1-5/8" | 1-3/4" | 1-7/8" |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 1/2 | 10.8 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2 3/4 | 11.6 | 19.8 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 3 1/4 | 12.4 | 21 | 32.4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 3 1/2 | 13.2 | 22.2 | 34.3 | 50 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 4 | 14 | 23.4 | 36.2 | 52.6 | 71.8 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 4 1/2 | 14.8 | 24.6 | 38.1 | 55.2 | 75.2 | 102 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 4 3/4 | 15.6 | 25.8 | 40 | 57.8 | 78.6 | 106 | 137 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 5 | 16.4 | 27 | 41.9 | 60.4 | 82 | 111 | 142 | 179 | – | – | – | – |
| 5 1/2 | 17.2 | 28.2 | 43.8 | 63 | 85.4 | 115 | 147 | 186 | 234 | – | – | – |
| 6 | 18 | 29.4 | 45.7 | 65.6 | 88.8 | 119 | 153 | 193 | 242 | 289 | – | – |
| 6 1/4 | 18.8 | 30.6 | 47.6 | 68.2 | 92.2 | 123 | 158 | 200 | 250 | 298 | 263 | – |
| 6 1/2 | 19.6 | 32.3 | 49.5 | 70.8 | 95.6 | 128 | 164 | 206 | 258 | 308 | 374 | 437 |
| 7 | 20.4 | 33.5 | 50.8 | 73.4 | 99 | 132 | 169 | 213 | 266 | 317 | 385 | 449 |
| 7 1/2 | 21.2 | 34.8 | 52.7 | 75.5 | 103 | 136 | 174 | 220 | 275 | 326 | 396 | 462 |
| 8 | 22 | 36.1 | 54.5 | 78 | 106 | 141 | 180 | 226 | 283 | 336 | 407 | 475 |
| 8 1/4 | – | 37.3 | 56.3 | 80.5 | 108 | 145 | 185 | 233 | 291 | 345 | 418 | 488 |
| 8 3/4 | – | 38.6 | 58.1 | 83.1 | 112 | 149 | 191 | 240 | 299 | 354 | 429 | 500 |
| 9 | – | 39.8 | 60 | 85.6 | 115 | 153 | 196 | 246 | 307 | 364 | 440 | 513 |
| 9 1/2 | – | 41.1 | 61.8 | 88.2 | 118 | 158 | 201 | 253 | 316 | 373 | 451 | 526 |
| 10 | – | – | 63.7 | 90.7 | 122 | 162 | 206 | 260 | 324 | 382 | 463 | 538 |
| 10 1/4 | – | – | – | 93.3 | 125 | 166 | 212 | 267 | 332 | 391 | 474 | 551 |
| 10 1/2 | – | – | – | – | 128 | 171 | 217 | 273 | 340 | 401 | 485 | 564 |
| 11 | – | – | – | – | 132 | 175 | 223 | 279 | 345 | 410 | 496 | 576 |
| 11 1/2 | – | – | – | – | 135 | 179 | 228 | 285 | 350 | 419 | 507 | 589 |
| 12 | – | – | – | – | 138 | 184 | 233 | 292 | 358 | 429 | 518 | 602 |
- Weight per stud is approximate and for standard hex-head bolts.
- Imperial diameters: 1/2" through 1-7/8".
- Lengths: 2 1/2" to 12".
- Use for material planning, lifting estimates, and torque calculations.
- Custom sizes available on request from Stanley Alloys.
Stanley Alloys – Metric Stud Bolt Weight Reference
Guide to approximate weights (in grams) of metric stud bolts by diameter and length. Ideal for engineering calculations and inventory planning.
| Bolt Length (mm) | M10 | M12 | M14 | M16 | M18 | M20 | M22 | M24 | M27 | M30 | M33 | M36 | M39 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 60 | 5.6 | 8.1 | 12 | 15.6 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 70 | 6.1 | 8.9 | 13 | 16.9 | 23.7 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 80 | 6.6 | 9.6 | 14 | 18.2 | 25.4 | 32.5 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 90 | 7.1 | 10.3 | 15 | 19.6 | 27.1 | 34.5 | 45.5 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 100 | 7.6 | 11 | 16 | 21 | 28.8 | 36.7 | 47.2 | 54.2 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 110 | 8.1 | 11.7 | 17 | 22.2 | 30.4 | 38.7 | 48.3 | 58.2 | 80 | – | – | – | – |
| 120 | 8.6 | 12.4 | 18 | 23.6 | 32.1 | 40.7 | 50.9 | 60.2 | 84.7 | 107 | – | – | – |
| 130 | 9.1 | 13.2 | 19 | 24.9 | 33.7 | 42.8 | 53.4 | 63.2 | 88.6 | 111 | 141 | – | – |
| 140 | 9.6 | 14.2 | 20 | 26.2 | 35.4 | 44.9 | 55.9 | 66.2 | 92.4 | 116 | 147 | 185 | – |
| 150 | 10.1 | 14.9 | 20.8 | 27.5 | 36.9 | 46.9 | 58.5 | 69.2 | 96.3 | 121 | 153 | 192 | 237 |
| 160 | 10.6 | 15.6 | 21.8 | 29.1 | 38.6 | 49 | 61 | 72.2 | 100.1 | 126 | 159 | 199 | 245 |
| 170 | – | 16.4 | 22.8 | 30.4 | 40.2 | 51.1 | 63.5 | 75.2 | 104 | 130 | 165 | 206 | 253 |
| 180 | – | – | 23.8 | 31.8 | 41.9 | 52.3 | 66.1 | 78.1 | 108 | 135 | 171 | 213 | 261 |
| 190 | – | – | – | 33.1 | 43.5 | 54.4 | 68.4 | 81.1 | 112 | 140 | 176 | 219 | 269 |
| 200 | – | – | – | 34.5 | 45.2 | 56.2 | 71 | 84 | 116 | 144 | 182 | 226 | 278 |
| 210 | – | – | – | 35.8 | 46.8 | 58.5 | 73.5 | 88.4 | 120 | 149 | 188 | 233 | 286 |
| 220 | – | – | – | 37.1 | 48.4 | 60.6 | 76.1 | 91.4 | 124 | 154 | 194 | 240 | 294 |
| 230 | – | – | – | 38.5 | 50.1 | 62.6 | 78.6 | 94.4 | 127 | 159 | 201 | 247 | 302 |
| 240 | – | – | – | 39.8 | 51.7 | 64.7 | 81.2 | 97.4 | 130.9 | 164 | 208 | 253 | 310 |
| 250 | – | – | – | 41.1 | 53.4 | 66.8 | 83.7 | 100.4 | 134.8 | 172 | 214 | 260 | 319 |
| 260 | – | – | – | – | 55 | 68.8 | 86.3 | 103.4 | 138.6 | 177 | 220 | 267 | 327 |
| 270 | – | – | – | – | 56.6 | 70.9 | 88.8 | 106.4 | 142.5 | 182 | 224 | 274 | 335 |
| 280 | – | – | – | – | 58.3 | 73 | 91.4 | 109.4 | 146.3 | 187 | 230 | 281 | 343 |
| 290 | – | – | – | – | – | 75 | 93.9 | 112.4 | 150.1 | 192 | 236 | 291 | 360 |
| 300 | – | – | – | – | – | 77.1 | 96.5 | 115.4 | 154 | 196 | 241 | 298 | 368 |
| 320 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 101.6 | 121.3 | 161.7 | 206 | 253 | 312 |
| 340 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 127.3 | 169.4 | 215 | 265 | 326 |
| 360 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 133.3 | 177.1 | 224 | 276 | 340 |
| 380 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 184.8 | 234 | 288 | 353 |
| 400 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 192.5 | 243 | 299 | 367 |
| 420 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 252 | 311 | 460 |
| 440 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 262 | 322 | 477 |
| 460 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 271 | 334 | 493 |
| 480 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 281 | 345 | 509 |
| 500 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 290 | 357 | 526 |
- Weights in grams represent approximate bolt mass per individual stud.
- Applicable diameters: M10 through M39, lengths 60 mm up to 500 mm.
- Usage: Helps in inventory planning, lifting calculations, and torque application estimates.
- Custom requirements: Stanley Alloys can provide specific weight calculations for non-standard lengths or diameters.
Stanley Alloys – All Thread Studs Mechanical Properties
1. Carbon & Alloy Steel All Thread Studs
| Material / Grade | Grade Code | Diameter Range | Proof Load (psi) | Yield Strength (psi) | Tensile Strength (psi) | Notes / Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low Carbon Steel | S020 | 1/4" – 3/4", 3/4" – 1 1/2" | 55,000 | 33,000 – 36,000 | 57,000 | Economical choice, suitable for low-stress and general-purpose fastening. |
| ASTM A193 B7 (Alloy Steel, Quenched & Tempered) | SB70 | 1/4" – 2 1/2", 2 1/2" – 4", 4" – 7" | 105,000 – 95,000 | 75,000 – 100,000 | 125,000 – 115,000 | High strength, widely used in pressure vessels, flanges, and petrochemical applications. |
| ASTM A320 L7 (Low Temp Alloy Steel) | SL70 | 1/4" – 2 1/2" | – | 105,000 | 125,000 | Designed for low-temperature service, ideal for cryogenic and cold-region operations. |
| ASTM A193 B16 (High-Temp Alloy Steel) | SB16 | 1/4" – 2 1/2", 2 1/2" – 4", 4" – 7" | 105,000 – 95,000 – 85,000 | 100,000 – 115,000 | 125,000 | Engineered for high-temperature service, used in power plants and heat exchangers. |
2. Stainless Steel All Thread Studs
| Material / Grade | Grade Code | Diameter Range | Proof Load (psi) | Yield Strength (psi) | Tensile Strength (psi) | Notes / Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 304 Stainless Steel / 18-8 | S188 | 1/4" and larger | – | 30,000 | 75,000 | Excellent corrosion resistance, general industrial use, food processing, and construction. |
| 316 Stainless Steel | S316 | 1/4" and larger | – | 30,000 | 75,000 | Enhanced resistance to chloride corrosion, ideal for marine and chemical industries. |
| ASTM A193 B8 (304 SS, Carbide Solution Treated) | SB80 | 1/4" and larger | – | 30,000 | 75,000 | Used in moderate environments where resistance to oxidation and scaling is critical. |
| ASTM A193 B8M (316 SS, Carbide Solution Treated) | SB8M | 1/4" and larger | – | 30,000 | 75,000 | Superior performance in aggressive environments, including offshore, petrochemical, and acidic conditions. |
3. Key Highlights
- Low Carbon Steel studs are cost-effective for general fastening applications.
- B7 and B16 Alloy Steel Studs are designed for high strength and used in flanges, valves, pumps, and pressure vessels.
- L7 Studs are specialized for cryogenic and low-temperature applications.
- Stainless Steel Studs (304 & 316) are chosen for their excellent corrosion resistance and long service life, with 316 offering superior protection in chloride and marine conditions.
- B8 & B8M Grades undergo carbide solution treatment for stability and can be strain hardened (Class 2) for higher strength requirements.
DIN 525 – Weld Studs with Hexagonal Nuts: Dimensions & Specifications
All dimensions are expressed in millimeters (mm)
| Thread (d1) | Overall Length (l) | Hex Nut Width (b) |
|---|---|---|
| M6 | 130 | 35 |
| M8 | 140 | 40 |
| M10 | 150 | 45 |
| M12 | 170 | 55 |
| M14 | 180 | 60 |
| M16 | 190 | 65 |
| M18 | 200 | 70 |
| M20 | 210 | 75 |
| M22 | 220 | 80 |
| M24 | 230 | 85 |
| M27 | 250 | 90 |
| M30 | 270 | 105 |
| M33 | 290 | 115 |
| M36 | 310 | 125 |
Note: These DIN 525 weld studs are designed for flange and structural applications where a hex nut provides secure fastening. The lengths include weld projections, and dimensions are tailored for standardized mechanical assemblies.
Testing, Measurement & Inspection Tools for Stainless Steel Stud Bolts
To ensure precision, safety, and compliance with mechanical standards, stainless steel stud bolts are routinely inspected using the following equipment:
- Micrometers – For precise outer diameter and thread measurement
- Thread Gauges – Verifying pitch, depth, and engagement of threads
- Smooth Plug Gauges – Ensures correct internal diameters and tolerance fit
- Calipers (Routine Inspection) – Quick verification of lengths and diameters
- Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) – High-accuracy dimensional inspection in 3D
- Roughness Tester – Evaluates surface finish to prevent thread galling
- Image Measuring Instruments – Optical verification of profiles, threads, and chamfers
Pro Tip: Combining CMM inspections with traditional gauges ensures both high precision and fast quality control, ideal for critical applications like high-pressure flanges, chemical, or marine environments.
Additional Notes for DIN 525 Weld Studs
- Hex nuts are typically supplied pre-threaded and torqued to standards for installation.
- Weld studs can be customized in length or material for high-temperature or corrosive environments.
- Testing and calibration should follow ISO and EN standards to ensure uniform performance across batches.
Stanley Alloys – Comprehensive Stud Bolt FAQs
1. What are stud bolts, and where are they used?
Stud bolts are threaded fasteners with no head, typically used in flanges, pipe connections, pressure vessels, and heavy machinery. They provide uniform clamping and are ideal for high-pressure or high-temperature applications.
2. What are the main types of stud bolts?
Double-end studs (with threads on both ends)
Threaded rods / plain end studs
Studs with chamfered ends for flange bolting
Weld studs (DIN 525)
Clamping studs
Different standards (DIN, ISO, ANSI, BS, IS) define exact dimensions and thread engagement lengths.
Threaded rods / plain end studs
Studs with chamfered ends for flange bolting
Weld studs (DIN 525)
Clamping studs
Different standards (DIN, ISO, ANSI, BS, IS) define exact dimensions and thread engagement lengths.
3. How are stud bolts classified by material?
Common materials include:
Carbon Steel (Low, Medium, Alloy)
Stainless Steel (304, 316, 317, 321, 904L, duplex 2205)
High-temperature alloys (17-4PH, 310)
Grades like B7, B8, B8M, A2-70, A4-70 define strength and corrosion resistance.
Carbon Steel (Low, Medium, Alloy)
Stainless Steel (304, 316, 317, 321, 904L, duplex 2205)
High-temperature alloys (17-4PH, 310)
Grades like B7, B8, B8M, A2-70, A4-70 define strength and corrosion resistance.
4. What are typical stud bolt standards?
Standards ensure compatibility and performance:
ANSI/ASME B18.31.2 – Continuous thread studs
DIN 938 / 939 / 940 / 949 / 976 – Metric studs
IS 1862, IS 13178 – Indian standards
BS 2693 / BS 3692 – British standards
ANSI/ASME B18.31.2 – Continuous thread studs
DIN 938 / 939 / 940 / 949 / 976 – Metric studs
IS 1862, IS 13178 – Indian standards
BS 2693 / BS 3692 – British standards
5. How do I choose the right stud bolt size and grade?
Consider:
Flange size and pressure rating (150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, 2500 lb.)
Tensile and proof load requirements
Environmental conditions (corrosive, high-temp)
Preload specifications for tightening sequences
Flange size and pressure rating (150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, 2500 lb.)
Tensile and proof load requirements
Environmental conditions (corrosive, high-temp)
Preload specifications for tightening sequences
6. What is the torque sequence for stainless steel stud bolts?
Torque is applied in multiple rounds (first, second, final)
Follow ASME B16.5 recommendations for flange class (150/300 lb)
Correct torque ensures proper preload and prevents leakage or stud failure
Follow ASME B16.5 recommendations for flange class (150/300 lb)
Correct torque ensures proper preload and prevents leakage or stud failure
7. How do stud bolt dimensions vary?
Metric: M6 to M160
Imperial: 1/2" to 2-1/2"
Stud length depends on flange thickness, engagement length, and application.
Hex nut sizes are matched to the bolt diameter for proper wrenching.
Imperial: 1/2" to 2-1/2"
Stud length depends on flange thickness, engagement length, and application.
Hex nut sizes are matched to the bolt diameter for proper wrenching.
8. How is stud bolt weight calculated?
Weights vary by material, diameter, and length. Charts provide weights per unit length for metric (M10–M160) and imperial (1/2"–2-1/2") bolts. Accurate weight helps with logistics and mechanical calculations.
9. What testing and certificates are required?
Manufacturers usually provide:
Manufacturer Test Certificates (MTC) per EN 10204 / 3.1
Tensile tests (ISO 898-1)
Hardness testing (ISO 6508-1)
Charpy impact tests (ISO 148-1)
Proof load for nuts (ISO 898-2)
Tri-roll thread comparators and calibrated gauges for inspection
Manufacturer Test Certificates (MTC) per EN 10204 / 3.1
Tensile tests (ISO 898-1)
Hardness testing (ISO 6508-1)
Charpy impact tests (ISO 148-1)
Proof load for nuts (ISO 898-2)
Tri-roll thread comparators and calibrated gauges for inspection
10. What is the purpose of weld studs (DIN 525)?
Weld studs provide a permanent threaded fastening point on a base component. They are often paired with hex nuts and are used in structural steel, flanges, and heavy machinery where repeated disassembly may not be required.
11. What tools and equipment are used for inspection?
Micrometers and calipers
Thread gauges
Coordinate measuring machines (CMM)
Roughness testers
Image measuring instruments for routine inspection
Thread gauges
Coordinate measuring machines (CMM)
Roughness testers
Image measuring instruments for routine inspection
12. What are stud bolt spanner sizes?
Vary according to metric or ISO standards
Ensure proper wrench engagement to avoid thread damage
Covers small M1.6 up to large M160 sizes
Ensure proper wrench engagement to avoid thread damage
Covers small M1.6 up to large M160 sizes
13. How do flange class and bolt size correlate?
Higher flange classes (300, 600, 900 lb) require:
Larger bolt diameters
More bolts per flange
Longer stud lengths to maintain pressure integrity
Larger bolt diameters
More bolts per flange
Longer stud lengths to maintain pressure integrity
14. Can stud bolts be customized?
Yes, customization is available for:
Thread type and pitch
Length and shank diameter
Material grade (e.g., duplex 2205 for corrosive service)
Thread engagement length per DIN 938/939/940 standards
Thread type and pitch
Length and shank diameter
Material grade (e.g., duplex 2205 for corrosive service)
Thread engagement length per DIN 938/939/940 standards
15. How to ensure proper installation?
Follow torque sequences (1st, 2nd, final rounds)
Check stud and nut compatibility
Use calibrated torque wrenches for precise tightening
Check stud and nut compatibility
Use calibrated torque wrenches for precise tightening